Shooter’s Guide to Backyard Air Rifle Shooting in the UK

A Guide to Backyard Air Rifle Shooting in the UK

Air rifle shooting can be a rewarding hobby, offering both relaxation and skill development. For those in the UK with access to a backyard, it provides a convenient venue for practice. However, choosing the right pellets and understanding the legal requirements are crucial to ensure safety and compliance. Here’s everything you need to know about backyard shooting with air rifles.

Choosing the Right Pellets for Backyard Shooting

Precision and Safety with .177 Pellets

For those focusing on target practice, .177 calibre pellets are ideal due to their high accuracy and flatter trajectories at the close ranges typically found in backyards. Wadcutter pellets, known for their flat heads, are particularly effective as they make clean holes in targets for easy scoring.

Power and Impact of .22 Pellets

If your backyard shooting includes pest control, .22 calibre pellets may be more appropriate. These pellets are heavier and deliver more energy upon impact, making them better for hunting small game. However, their heavier weight means they have a more pronounced trajectory curve at distance, which can be a consideration in a limited space.

Legal Considerations for Backyard Shooting

Understanding UK Air Rifle Laws

In the UK, air rifles with a muzzle energy of up to 12 ft/lbs do not require a licence. However, it’s vital to ensure that your shooting activities do not endanger or cause distress to others. Always shoot in a direction where there is no risk of missing the target and causing damage or injury.

Safe Shooting Practices

Establish a safe shooting direction with a reliable backstop to catch all pellets. A commercial pellet trap or a densely packed material backstop can effectively contain pellets and reduce the risk of ricochet. Be mindful of the surroundings and ensure that there are no people, pets, or valuable property in the line of fire.

Setting Up Your Backyard Range

Target Shooting Practice with Air Rifle in Garden / Backyard

Creating a Safe Environment

Designate a specific area in your backyard for shooting. This area should have a clear, unobstructed line of sight with a secure backdrop. Inform any neighbours about your shooting activities to avoid misunderstandings and ensure safety.

Choosing Your Equipment

Invest in quality air rifles and accessories. A good starting point can be a reliable air rifle suited for your specific needs, whether its precision target shooting or effective pest control.

Regular Practice and Maintenance

Regularly practice to improve your accuracy and maintain your equipment to ensure it remains in good working condition. Clean your air rifle and check pellets for damage or deformities before use to ensure optimal performance.


By following these guidelines, you can enjoy air rifle shooting in your backyard safely and legally. Whether you’re honing your shooting skills or managing pests, understanding the basics of pellet selection and legal considerations is essential for any responsible shooter.

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